Improvement in machines for forging horseshoe-nails



u 1.' nov.

` Machine for Forging Horseshoe Nails. Y No. 58,485. Patented oct. 2, .1866.

/QQ N Y f la" f UNITED STATns Tirion..

JOSEPH BOY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR FORGING HORSESHOE-NAILS.

Spccication forming part of Letters Patent N0. 58,185, dated October 2, 1866.

`same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompa- Anying drawings, of which- Figure l is a perspective view, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal and vertical section, of it.

In such drawings, A denotes the frame of the machine, which should be properly constructed for supporting the operative parts. B is a post for giving support to the compound die or anvil O, whose upper end is formed with two operative surfaces, a b, one of them being calculated to aid in giving form to one side, and the other being for aiding in giving form to one edge, of a nail. There are also, within the post B, al movable anvil, D, anda cutter, E, they being arranged in front of the stationary anvil, and with respect to each other, in manner as shown in the drawings. The said movable anvil and cutter have vertical motions and intervals of rest given to them at proper times.

The machinery for the accomplishment of such will be hereinafter described.

Two hammers, F G, are arranged over the anvil, one being directly over and to operate with the surface a and the movable anvil D,

`and the other being immediately over and to `operate with the surface I) and the said movable anvil. A projection, c, of each hammer' lis the part which Vcooperates with the movable anvil D, and for the purpose of reducing the nailrod, or drawing it out preparatory to the action thereon of the part d of the hammer, and the part a or bof the stationary anvil.

The hammers turn on a common fulcrumsha-ft, f, and are operated or thrown upward4 by two cams, g h, their downward motions being effected by two springs, i, arranged as represented.

The two cams'are fixed on a shaft, 7c, caring exhibited in dotted lines.

The cams p arc forraising two levers, q q', from which springs r r extend upward to the two longer arms of the hammers F G. Each of such springs is made to encompass a rod,

s, extended down from and fastened to the hammer of such spring.

The object of each cam p', the lever q or g', and the spring r r r, applied to cach hammer, is to check or diminish the force of the blow of the hammer while descending on the thinA ner or narrower' parts of the nail during its formation, the same being to regulate the force ofthe blow so as to produce an even spreading or draft of the metal. y

There is a cam, t, projecting from the inner face of the gear m. It is to operate against a pin,fu, extending from a slider, u, carrying a cam, fw, formed as shown in Fig. 2. This cam w is for elevating and supporting the chisel E, which may be depressed at the proper time by means of its own weight, or by means of a spring suitably applied to it.

The movable anvil D is forked, so as ,to span the cam ze and rest onthe slider a, which has Y cavities made in it for the anvil D to drop into at the proper time for it to be depressed.

A spring, y, abutting against a stationary post, 2, acts against a projection, af, (raised upon the slider u,) and serves to retract the slider a, or maintain it in contact with its cams t and o. The latter cam is fixed on the shaftmand serves to advance the slider u.

There are two pawls, b c', jointed to the slider u. (See Fig. 2.) These pawls stand at opposite angles of inclination with a rack-bar, H, provided with two racks to receive the pawls.

The teeth of one rack are arranged to stand in directions opposite to those of the other rack. The two racks are shown at d.

The pawl b', which is a lever supported on a fulcrum, of, operates with one of the racks to maintain the raclebar Hbackward, in order to cause the nail-rod to be drawn back over the stationary anvil during the process of drawing out the rod by the hammers. The said pawl b is thrown into action with its rack by a spring, f, operating against its front arm, said arm being provided with a cam, g', at its front end or part. This cani g', by its action against the shaft a, when forced against it by the slider u during its advance, will so move the pawl b as to. raise it out of its rack.

During the backward movement of the slider u the spring y will be contract-ed. As the rack-bar H will move back simultaneously with the slider u, which will be so moved by the cam o, the spring, as soon as the projection L/ of the slider u may have passed the extreme point of the cam o, will be set free, and will impel the slider u forward, or in a direction toward the cam '0. As the pawl c will catchk in its rack, it will at the same time cause the rack-bar H to advance with the slider a, so as to carry the nail-rod far enough forward and over the anvil D for another nail-rod to be formed from the rod. This anvil is to have a thickness equal to the length of such portion of the nail-rod as may be required for the formation of a nail.

After the formation of each nail, the nailrod is advanced far enough beyond the cutter to enable the latter to separate the nail from the rod by a blow of one of the hammers. Immediately after the nail has been severed from the rod the chisel or cutter E is to descend below the working face or top part of the'anvil D. Such anvil, after having operated with the parts c of the hammers to properly draw out the nail-rod, is to descend below the working surfaces of the stationary anvil C, in order that the parts d of the hammers may co-operate with the forming-surfaces of the anvil C, and finish the nail or reduce it to its proper shape and size, and form it with a head, such head being made by cavities i k in the hammers and the parts a b of the anvil C.

The next part ofthe machine to be described l is that'for rotating` the nail-rod one-fourth of a revolution at each time, and moving it alternately over the two halves or parts of each anvil.

The rotary motion of the rod is an intermittent one, but is made in one direction.

The said nail-rod is shown at R in the drawings. It extends through and is supported by a shaft, S, which is sustained by a movable box, T, resting on a stationary cross-rail, U,

of the frame A.

The box T is held to the rail U by means of a lever, l', and a parallel link, m', (see Fig. 3, which is a longitudinal section ofthe box and its connections with the rail U.) These connections are like the joint-bars of a parallelruler, and are for the purpose of not only moving the box T longitudinally back and forth 0n the bar U, but at the same time of raising it off the bar, in order that the nail-rod may be revolved ninetydegrees during each lateral movement of it occasioned by the lengthwise movement of the box.

There is iixed to the shaft S a lantern-wheel, K, having four teeth, n. Vith this lanternwheel one impelling-pawl and one draw-pawl operate, they being shown, at a p', as jointed to an arm, q', which is` xed on one end of a shaft, r', arranged as represented in Fig. 1.

The shaft r has another arm, s', projected from it and jointed to a connecting-rod, t', whose upper end is jointed to a crank, a', projecting from one end of the driving-shaft 7c. During each half revolution of the shaft 7c the nail-rod will be turned ninety degrees.

The longitudinal movements of the box T are effected by the lever l and by means of a connecting-rod, e', which is jointed to the longer arm of such lever, and also to the crank g'.

In order that the nail-rod may be furthgr supported and be maintained in parallelism with the axis of the machine while such rod may be in movement, it is carried longitudinally through another shaft, to which it should be clamped by a set-screw or other proper means.

The shaft W is arranged in a horizontal slot, m', made in a post, w ,projecting upward from vthe rack-bar H. Furthermore, there is a cam,

X, on one end of the shaft W, which, by revolving with the shaft and against a projection, Y, from the post w', serves to aid in preserving the nail-rod in its proper position, or in parallelism with the axis of the machine, while the said nail-rod may be in the act of vbeing moved laterally and revolved.

A spring, z', by bearing against the peripheryof a circular head, a2, fixed to the shaft W serves to move the shaft in a direction opposite to that in which it may be moved by the cam X.

The machine above described, by proper changes of form of the working-faces of its anvils and hammers, may be employed to forge files, pistol-barrels, or various other articles.

lt is intended for the formation of articles which have their opposite sides different in stantially in manner as specied.

2. The combination, as well as the' arrangement, of the cutter E with the anvil C, the movable anvil D, the two hammers F G, and the mechanism for supporting and revolving the nail-rod and moving it lengthwise, as set forth, such movable anvil, hammers, and cutter being provided with mechanism for operating them, substantially as hereinbefore specified. y

3. The mechanism or combination for sup- .porting and revolving the nail-rod and moving it lengthwise, as set forth, the same consisting mainly of the shaft S, the box T, the rail U, the lantern-wheel V, the cam X, the

projection Y, the spring-z, the head a2, the

slotted post w', the rack-bar H, with its toothed racks, the pawls b c', the slide a, the spring y, the cam o, the shaft h, the crank u', the rod movable anvils C D, and mechanism for supt, arm s', shaft r', arm q', pawls o p', eonnectporting and operating the nail-rod, substaning-rod v', lever l', and link m', the Whole betially as described.

ing substantially as specified.

4. rlhe combination of the cams p', the le- JOSEPH ROY' f vers q q', and springs r r, or their mechanical Witnesses:

equivalents, with the hammers F G, as ar- R. H. EDDY, ranged and combined with the stationary and F. P. HALE, J r. 

